Frame Reflection: Characterization Frames

When we identify with a particular group, we may have very distinct views of those who are not a part of that group. Often, individuals will perceive others in ways that may not be particularly favorable, or may, in fact, rely on common stereotypes or preconceptions of others based on their group affiliation. It is likely that not every member of the group fits the characteristics that you and others may have chosen for the group. Characterization frames describe the ways that individuals perceive other parties to a dispute, based on those parties' group affiliations or memberships. These frames can be destructive when they prevent two parties from listening to the perspectives and concerns of each other. For this reason, we would like you to reflect upon the reasoning behind your decisions, and what it might take to persuade you to broaden your views of members of groups outside of your own.

How do you characterize each of these groups?

Newcomers – People who recently moved into a rapidly growing community.

Old-Timers
– Long-time residents who have lived in an area before a recent influx of newcomers.

Environmentalists
– People who tend to identify themselves as supporters of the political agenda of environmental interest groups.

Recreationists
– People who value natural areas for their recreational opportunities (e.g. birdwatching, hiking, mountain biking, running, hunting, fishing, etc.).

Business/Development Interests
– Executives, employees, and supporters of businesses active in the development projects associated with growth.

Social Groups
– People who tend to identify themselves as members of religious, racial, gender, or ethnic groups.

Economic Groups
– People united by similar economic circumstances.

Neighbors
– People who live in your immediate vicinity, and with whom you interact on a day-to-day basis.


Also available: General Environmental Dispute Simulation

Copyright © 2003-2005 Environmental Framing Consortium

Please send comments and questions to


More detailed information, training opportunities, and information about our book,
Making Sense of Intractable Environmental Conflicts
, is available from the Consortium.